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/Classwork/CS3214 - Computer Systems/Project 2 - Extensible Shell/esh-grammar.y
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/*
* esh - the 'pluggable' shell.
*
* Developed by Godmar Back for CS 3214 Fall 2009
* Virginia Tech.
*
* This is based on an assignment I did in 1993 as an undergraduate
* student at Technische Universitaet Berlin.
*
* Known bugs: leaks memory when parse errors occur.
*/
%{
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define YYDEBUG 1
int yydebug;
void yyerror(const char *msg);
int yylex(void);
 
/*
* Error messages, csh-style
*/
#define MISRED "Missing name for redirect."
#define INVNUL "Invalid null command."
#define AMBINP "Ambiguous input redirect."
#define AMBOUT "Ambiguous output redirect."
 
#include "esh.h"
 
#define obstack_chunk_alloc malloc
#define obstack_chunk_free free
 
struct cmd_helper {
struct obstack words; /* an obstack of char * to collect argv */
char *iored_input;
char *iored_output;
bool append_to_output;
};
 
/* Initialize cmd_helper and, optionally, set first argv */
static void
init_cmd(struct cmd_helper *cmd, char *firstcmd,
char *iored_input, char *iored_output, bool append_to_output)
{
obstack_init(&cmd->words);
if (firstcmd)
obstack_ptr_grow(&cmd->words, firstcmd);
 
cmd->iored_output = iored_output;
cmd->iored_input = iored_input;
cmd->append_to_output = append_to_output;
}
 
/* print error message */
static void p_error(char *msg);
 
/* Convert cmd_helper to esh_command.
* Ensures NULL-terminated argv[] array
*/
static struct esh_command *
make_esh_command(struct cmd_helper *cmd)
{
obstack_ptr_grow(&cmd->words, NULL);
 
int sz = obstack_object_size(&cmd->words);
char **argv = malloc(sz);
memcpy(argv, obstack_finish(&cmd->words), sz);
obstack_free(&cmd->words, NULL);
 
if (*argv == NULL) {
free(argv);
return NULL;
}
 
return esh_command_create(argv,
cmd->iored_input,
cmd->iored_output,
cmd->append_to_output);
}
 
/* Called by parser when command line is complete */
static void cmdline_complete(struct esh_command_line *);
 
/* work-around for bug in flex 2.31 and later */
static void yyunput (int c,char *buf_ptr ) __attribute__((unused));
 
%}
 
/* LALR stack types */
%union {
struct cmd_helper command;
struct esh_pipeline * pipe;
struct esh_command_line * cmdline;
char *word;
}
 
/* Nonterminals */
%type <command> input output
%type <command> command
%type <pipe> pipeline
%type <cmdline> cmd_list
 
/* Terminals */
%token <word> WORD
%token GREATER_GREATER
 
%%
cmd_line: cmd_list { cmdline_complete($1); }
 
cmd_list: /* Null Command */ { $$ = esh_command_line_create_empty(); }
| pipeline {
esh_pipeline_finish($1);
$$ = esh_command_line_create($1);
}
| cmd_list ';'
| cmd_list '&' {
$$ = $1;
struct esh_pipeline * last;
last = list_entry(list_back(&$1->pipes),
struct esh_pipeline, elem);
last->bg_job = true;
}
| cmd_list ';' pipeline {
esh_pipeline_finish($3);
$$ = $1;
list_push_back(&$$->pipes, &$3->elem);
}
| cmd_list '&' pipeline {
esh_pipeline_finish($3);
$$ = $1;
 
struct esh_pipeline * last;
last = list_entry(list_back(&$1->pipes),
struct esh_pipeline, elem);
last->bg_job = true;
 
list_push_back(&$$->pipes, &$3->elem);
}
 
pipeline: command {
struct esh_command * pcmd = make_esh_command(&$1);
if (pcmd == NULL) { p_error(INVNUL); YYABORT; }
$$ = esh_pipeline_create(pcmd);
}
| pipeline '|' command {
/* Error: 'ls >x | wc' */
struct esh_command * last;
last = list_entry(list_back(&$1->commands),
struct esh_command, elem);
if (last->iored_output) { p_error(AMBOUT); YYABORT; }
 
/* Error: 'ls | <x wc' */
if ($3.iored_input) { p_error(AMBINP); YYABORT; }
 
struct esh_command * pcmd = make_esh_command(&$3);
if (pcmd == NULL) { p_error(INVNUL); YYABORT; }
 
list_push_back(&$1->commands, &pcmd->elem);
pcmd->pipeline = $1;
$$ = $1;
}
| '|' error { p_error(INVNUL); YYABORT; }
| pipeline '|' error { p_error(INVNUL); YYABORT; }
 
command: WORD {
init_cmd(&$$, $1, NULL, NULL, false);
}
| input
| output
| command WORD {
$$ = $1;
obstack_ptr_grow(&$$.words, $2);
}
| command input {
obstack_free(&$2.words, NULL);
/* Error: ambiguous redirect 'a <b <c' */
if($1.iored_input) { p_error(AMBINP); YYABORT; }
$$ = $1;
$$.iored_input = $2.iored_input;
}
| command output {
obstack_free(&$2.words, NULL);
/* Error: ambiguous redirect 'a >b >c' */
if ($1.iored_output) { p_error(AMBOUT); YYABORT; }
$$ = $1;
$$.iored_output = $2.iored_output;
$$.append_to_output = $2.append_to_output;
}
 
input: '<' WORD {
init_cmd(&$$, NULL, $2, NULL, false);
}
| '<' error { p_error(MISRED); YYABORT; }
 
output: '>' WORD {
init_cmd(&$$, NULL, NULL, $2, false);
}
| GREATER_GREATER WORD {
init_cmd(&$$, NULL, NULL, $2, true);
}
/* Error: missing redirect */
| '>' error { p_error(MISRED); YYABORT; }
| GREATER_GREATER error { p_error(MISRED); YYABORT; }
 
%%
static char * inputline; /* currently processed input line */
#define YY_INPUT(buf,result,max_size) \
{ \
result = *inputline ? (buf[0] = *inputline++, 1) : YY_NULL; \
}
 
#define YY_NO_UNPUT
#define YY_NO_INPUT
#include "lex.yy.c"
 
static void
p_error(char *msg)
{
/* print error */
fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", msg);
}
 
extern int yyparse (void);
 
/* do not use default error handling since errors are handled above. */
void
yyerror(const char *msg) { }
 
static struct esh_command_line * commandline;
static void cmdline_complete(struct esh_command_line *cline)
{
commandline = cline;
}
 
/*
* parse a commandline.
*/
struct esh_command_line *
esh_parse_command_line(char * line)
{
inputline = line;
commandline = NULL;
 
int error = yyparse();
 
return error ? NULL : commandline;
}